Professional Biography
Michael A. Gottfried is an applied economist with expertise in the economics of education and education policy. His research targets data-driven decision making on a broad range of educational issues, including student absenteeism, career and technical education, early childhood education, and educating students with disabilities. He aims to boost academic and other student outcomes by examining which policies, practices, and contexts promote or block their success.
Professor Gottfried’s research has been funded by the Institute of Education Sciences, National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Spencer Foundation, Foundation for Child Development, American Educational Research Association, and many other organizations. He has served on editorial boards of leading journals, including Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, American Educational Research Journal, and Teachers College Record.
In 2016, Professor Gottfried founded the Education Policy Collaborative to serve as a forum for education policy scholars from across the United States to impact both scholarship and public policy.
- Ph.D. (Applied Economics) University of Pennsylvania, 2010
- M.A. (Applied Economics) University of Pennsylvania, 2008
- B.A. (Economics) Stanford University, 2002
- Absenteeism and truancy
- Career and technical education
- Early childhood education
- Disabilities
- Causal inference
Twitter: @magottfried
Research Interests and Current Projects
Professor Gottfried uses rigorous methods to identify educational policies, practices, and contexts that influence outcomes (academic, behavior, and executive function) for students of all ages, from prekindergarten to college and career.
In recent work he has examined whether new teachers are prepared to address absenteeism in their classrooms. He has also explored whether implementing new forms of school breakfast programs, such as in the classroom rather than in the cafeteria, can impact students’ absenteeism and achievement. Finally, he is studying whether students with disabilities have stronger high school and college outcomes when they take math/science career and technical education courses.
Selected Publications
- Michael A. Gottfried

Absent from School: Understanding and Addressing Student Absenteeism
Harvard Education Press
Dr. Gottfried’s publications focus on data-driven decision making on a broad range of issues, including student absenteeism and truancy, career and technical education, special education/disabilities research, and early and elementary childhood education. For media inquiries, contact Penn GSE Communications.
Early and Elementary Education
Roberts, S., Kirksey, J.J., & Gottfried, M.A. (in press). Practices more likely to occur in kindergarten mathematics teachers’ classrooms when English learners are present. Learning and Instruction.
Kirksey, J.J., Sattin-Bajaj, C., Gottfried, M.A., Freeman, J.A., & Ozuna, C.S. (in press). Deportations near the schoolyard: Examining immigration enforcement and racial/ethnic gaps in educational outcomes. AERA Open.
Gottfried, M.A., Garcia, E., & Kim, H.Y. (in press). Peer tutoring instructional practice and kindergartners’ achievement and socioemotional development. Educational Studies.
Gottfried, M.A., & Kirskey, J.J. (2018). Self-discipline and Catholic schools. Washington, DC: Fordham Foundation.
Bargagliotti, A., Gottfried, M.A., & Guarino, C. (2017). Educating the whole child: Early mathematical instructional practices and students’ academic and socioemotional development. Teachers College Record, 119, 1-41.
Wright, A., Gottfried, M.A., Le, V. (2017). A kindergarten teacher like me: The role of student-teacher race in social-emotional development. American Educational Research Journal [centennial issue], 54, 78-101.
Gottfried, M.A., & Le, V. (2017). Is full-day kindergarten linked to children’s physical activity? Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 40, 138-149.
Gottfried, M.A. (2017). ELL school readiness and pre-kindergarten care. Educational Policy, 31, 39-72.
Gottfried, M.A., Le, V., & Datar, A. (2016). English Language Learners and kindergarten entry age: Achievement and socioemotional effects. The Journal of Educational Research, 109, 424-435.
Gottfried, M.A. (2016). Peer sameness and peer diversity: The influence of breadth and depth of classmates with high academic needs in kindergarten. Early Education and Development, 27, 655-675.
Gottfried, M.A. (2016). The role of real-life mathematics instruction on mathematics outcomes in kindergarten. British Educational Research Journal, 42, 314-341.
Datar, A., & Gottfried, M.A. (2015). School entry age and children’s social-behavioral skills: Evidence from a national longitudinal study of U.S. kindergartners. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 37, 333-353.
Gottfried, M.A. (2015). Can center-based childcare reduce the odds of early chronic absenteeism? Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 32, 160-173.
Gottfried, M.A. (2015). Prekindergarten and kindergarten center-based child care and students’ early schooling outcomes. Teachers College Record, 117, 1-28.
Gottfried, M.A., & Kim, H.Y. (2015). Formal versus informal prekindergarten care and school readiness for children in immigrant families in the U.S.: A synthesis review. Educational Research Review, 16, 85-101.
Gottfried, M.A. (2015). Does classmate ability influence students’ social skills? School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 26, 554-585.
Gottfried, M.A. (2014). The positive peer effects of diversity: Exploring the relationship between English Language Learner classmates and socio-emotional skills in early elementary school. Elementary School Journal, 115, 22-48.
Gottfried, M.A., & Graves, J. (2014). Gender composition in early elementary school classrooms and student achievement. The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, 14, 937-977.
Gottfried, M.A. (2014). Peer effects in urban schools: Assessing the impact of classroom composition on student achievement. Educational Policy, 28, 607-647.
Gottfried, M.A. (2014). The influence of tardy classmates on students’ socio-emotional outcomes. Teachers College Record, 116.
Gottfried, M.A. (2014). The achievement effects of tardy classmates: Evidence in urban elementary schools. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 25, 3-28.
Gottfried, M.A., & Johnson, E.L. (2014). Assessing access: Is there educational equity within urban schooling? Education and Urban Society, 46, 773-797.
Gottfried, M.A. (2013). The spillover effects of grade retained classmates: Evidence from urban elementary schools. American Journal of Education, 119, 405-444.
Gottfried, M.A. (2012). Understanding the institutional-level factors of urban school quality. Teachers College Record, 114.
Gottfried, M.A. (2012). Reframing retention: New evidence from within the elementary school classroom on post-retention performance. Elementary School Journal, 113, 192-214.
Related News
Michael Gottfried joined education leaders to address chronic absenteeism, emphasizing the importance of collaboration across schools, communities, and government to break down barriers and improve attendance.
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As reported in 'Education Week,' Gottfried finds chronic student absenteeism disrupts classroom dynamics, damages teacher-student relationships, and steadily erodes teacher job satisfaction.
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Michael Gottfried states that rising student absenteeism lowers teacher job satisfaction, stressing that addressing absenteeism is essential for improving student outcomes and retaining teachers.
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Michael Gottfried stresses that students are more likely to attend school when they connect with teachers who share their cultural background, fostering a sense of belonging and engagement.
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The yellow school bus – once a symbol of integration – is becoming a relic of another era.
In the Media | USA Today
TopicsMichael Gottfried emphasizes that cutting school bus routes significantly harms student learning by increasing absenteeism, stating that the removal of such a critical transportation mechanism during the absenteeism crisis is "hugely problematic" for families relying on it to ensure consistent attendance.
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Schools have made slow progress on record absenteeism, with millions of kids still skipping class
In the Media | Associated Press
TopicsMichael Gottfried says that kids are more likely to attend school if they identify with their educators.
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NJ schools battle dangerous outcome of pandemic — chronic student absenteeism
In the Media | MSN (Bergen Record)
Michael Gottfried discusses the rise in public school absenteeism, and how it is difficult to pinpoint the exact cause of the change because of correlated factors.
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Michael Gottfried cautions that one cannot scale down a nationally representative sample to say something specific about one place or city.
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Teachers feel more negatively toward children who are chronically absent, study finds
In the Media | Forbes
TopicsA study by Michael A. Gottfried finds that early elementary school teachers report feeling less close to chronically absent students and view them less positively, even when those students don’t cause trouble in the classroom.
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Gerald Campano will also be honored with a lifetime achievement award for his professional achievements and mentorship work.
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Why school absences have 'exploded' almost everywhere
In the Media | The Seattle Times
Michael A. Gottfried explains the impact of student absences on their peers, citing his research that shows when 10% of a students' classmates are absent on a given day, the student is more likely to be absent the next day.
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Michael Gottfried emphasizes the role of school environments in student absenteeism. He notes students with disabilities feel more connected and attend more in inclusive settings than in segregated ones, underscoring the importance of creating hospitable learning environments for all students.
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The Penn GSE professor and applied economist emphasizes the critical role buses play in ensuring attendance and academic success.
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In an era dominated by educational technology, Michael Gottfried redirects attention to a critical issue: the profound impact of student absenteeism on academic performance.
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Chronic absenteeism and truancy are on the rise, hindering student success. In our debut episode of the Educator’s Playbook podcast, we speak with two experts on the issue.
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When students miss school, it negatively impacts their learning and social skills. Michael Gottfried says the ripple effects also interrupt learning for peers and strain teachers.
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There is a “linear relationship” between school attendance and academics, says Penn GSE professor Michael Gottfried.
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Michael Gottfried conducted a study on the correlation between school bus transportation and chronic absence, finding that children taking the bus are less likely to be chronically absent.
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Michael Gottfried speaks on the ways districts can both recognize and support chronically absent students. Gottfried lists examples to both spot patterns of absenteeism and provide support systems in order to prevent it.
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Chronic truancy on the rise in Philadelphia schools
In the Media | Axios Philadelphia
Michael Gottfried says that Philadelphia’s rise in unexcused absences is a sign of student disengagement triggered by a return from remote learning to an in-person classroom.
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A quarter of San Francisco public school students were chronically absent last year
In the Media | San Francisco Examiner
Michael Gottfried outlines the four distinct ways that students are impacted by chronic absence, as well as the factors that contribute to it.
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Penn GSE’s Michael Gottfried shares four ways in which communities can lower absenteeism rates and increase student engagement.
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In partnership with co-authors from Brown University, Penn GSE’s Michael Gottfried has compiled an evidence brief providing strategies for combatting growing absenteeism numbers.
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Michael Gottfried speaks about mental health absences in schools. Unexcused absences can lead to truancy, get kids into trouble, get parents into trouble, and can lead to juvenile justice outcomes, he says. Schools need to keep careful track of students who take repeated mental health days.
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In new research published in the Journal of Sleep Research, Penn GSE’s Michael A. Gottfried and Texas Tech University’s J. Jacob Kirksey find that a regular bedtime improves kindergarteners’ attendance and decreases the likelihood they will be chronically absent.
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Fall Back
In the Media | Politico Nightly
Michael Gottfried said COVID-19-related school absences may disrupt all students’ learning. “Part of me is just like let’s just go back to Zoom for everyone,” he said. “I want to be in person more than anyone else. That is, the last thing I want to do is sit on Zoom and teach. So I feel for these kids. But what kind of learning is it going to be without a real fallback plan in place?”
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In new research published in Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, Professor Michael Gottfried, along with J. Jacob Kirksey (Texas Tech University) and Tina L. Fletcher (Penn GSE), concluded that Latinx students with Latinx teachers attend school more, a relationship that does not exist for white students.
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In new research published in Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, Michael Gottfried (Penn GSE), J. Jacob Kirksey (Texas Tech) and Tina L. Fletcher (Penn) examine the impact of having a same-race teacher on attendance.
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Michael Gottfried said it’s difficult to quantify how school is going for students amid the pandemic. “We’re sort of building the plane as we fly it,” he said. “Everything’s up in the air now. Everything’s been disrupted just from the measurement side.”
Journal Editorial Boards
The High School Journal
Editorial Board
Teachers College Record
Editorial Board
Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis
Editorial Board
Journal for Students Placed at Risk
Editorial Board